Transcript of a general blood test online

Brief description of the parameters of the general blood test

Red blood

1. Erythrocytes - are red blood corpuscles involved in the transport of oxygen with the help of their main component - hemoglobin. A decrease in the level of erythrocytes is called erythropenia, (most often it is identical to anemia), and an increase is erythrocytosis.
2. Hemoglobin - is a complex protein capable of transporting oxygen to tissues due to its reversible binding. Its decrease is called anemia, and is the most frequent deviation in the blood test. An increase in hemoglobin is rarely observed and is usually not associated with pathology.
3. Reticulocytes are the progenitor cells of erythrocytes in the process of hematopoiesis. A decrease in reticulocytes (reticulocytopenia) usually indicates insufficient renewal of blood cells. Their increase (reticulocytosis) is observed with accelerated regeneration of red blood cells.
4. Hematocrit - is the volume of all shaped blood elements (mainly erythrocytes) in relation to the volume of blood. A decrease in hematocrit indicates blood dilution (hemodilution), and an increase in hematocrit indicates blood thickening.
5. Color indicator (CPU) is the ratio between the amount of hemoglobin in the blood and the number of red blood cells, that is, the degree of saturation of red blood cells with hemoglobin. A decrease in CPU (hypochromia) indicates a deterioration in the ability of the blood to carry oxygen. And hyperchromia indicates an over-saturation of erythrocytes with hemoglobin.
6. Average red blood cell volume (MCV) is an indicator that characterizes the size of blood cells.
7. Average hemoglobin content (MHC) is an indicator that is almost identical to the CPU. Ot reflects the saturation of the erythrocyte with hemoglobin.
8. The average concentration of hemoglobin reflects how much hemoglobin is contained in each red blood cell.
9. Coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) - shows the heterogeneity of red blood cells. If it is exceeded, there are a lot of too small or large red blood cells in the blood. If it is underestimated, it is recommended to retake the analysis, since this result is recorded only in case of analyzer errors.
10. Standard Deviation (RDW-SD) demonstrates how the cells are dissimilar in size and volume, that is, the average difference between the largest and smallest erythrocyte.

Platelets

1. Platelets are blood plates responsible for blood clotting and vascular nutrition. Their decrease (thrombocytopenia) usually leads to bleeding, and an increase (thrombocytosis) leads to the formation of blood clots.
2. Average Platelet Volume (MPV) - assesses the qualitative state of platelets.
3. Platelet anisocytosis (PDW) - deviation of platelet sizes from the norm. This parameter is similar to RDW-CV, but for platelets.
4. Thrombocrit (PCT) - is the proportion of platelets in the entire volume of blood.

White blood

1. Leukocytes - are a heterogeneous group of colorless blood cells that are more responsible for immunity. An excess of leukocytes (leukocytosis) often indicates the presence of an infectious process, and their deficiency (leukopenia) indicates a lack of immunity.
2. Neutrophils are one of the types of granulocytes that play a key role in the fight against bacterial infections. An excess of the number of neutrophils (neutrophilosis) usually indicates the development of bacterial disease, and their decrease (neutropenia) indicates immunodeficiency.
3. Young and young neutrophils are early forms of neutrophil differentiation that are practically not found in peripheral blood. An increase in their number indicates the active maturation of new neutrophils in infection or leukemia.
4. Rod-shaped neutrophils are not fully differentiated neutrophils. A change in their number indicates an increase ( rejuvenation ) or decrease ( aging ) neutrophil regeneration rates.
5. Segmented neutrophils are highly differentiated neutrophils that fully perform their immune functions.
6. Shift leukocyte formulas is the percentage ratio of young and mature forms of neutrophils. With the predominance of young neutrophils, they talk about a shift of the leukogram to the left (hyperregeneration), and with a decrease in the number of rods, they talk about a shift of the leukogram to the right (hyporegeneration).
7. Eosinophils are a type of granulocytes stained with eosin. They are primarily responsible for allergic reactions and antiparasitic immunity. Increased eosinophils - eosinophilia. Reduction of eosinophils - eosinopenia.
8. Basophils are a type of granulocytes involved in inflammation, for example, insect bites, and some other processes.
9. Lymphocytes are agranulocytes responsible for humoral immunity (antibody production). They increase (lymphocytosis), mainly in viral diseases, and decrease (lymphopenia) in immunodeficiency.
10. Monocytes are active phagocytes in peripheral blood related to agranulocytes. They participate in the reactions of humoral and cellular immunity. Their increase is specific for a number of diseases (mononucleosis, tuberculosis and others).