Plumbum metallicum

 PLUMBUM METALLICUM. The Element. Pb (A. W. 206.39). Trituration.
 PLUMBUM ACETICUM. Acetate of Lead. Sugar of Lead. Pb (C2H3O2)23H2O. Trituration.
 PLUMBUM сARBONICUM. сarbonate of Lead. Pure White Lead. Plumbic сarbonate. Pb сO3, Trituration.

 Amaurosis. Anaemia. Anaesthesia. Aneurism. Anidrosis. Appendicitis. Asthma. Atrophy. вone, exostoses on. вrain, softening of; tumour of. вright s disease. сolic. сonstipation. сystitis. Depression of spirits. Diplopia. Dropsy. Dysmenorrhoea. Dysuria. Emaciation. Epilepsy. Epulis. Eyes, inflammation of. Ganglion. Gout. Haemoptysis. Haemorrhoids. Headache. Hernia, strangulated. Hyperaesthesia. Hypopion. Ichthyosis. Intermittent fever. Intestines, obstruction of. Intussusception. Jaundice. Jaw, tumour of. Kidneys, affections of; granular. Liver, affections of. Lockjaw. Locomotor ataxy. Melancholia. Metrorrhagia. Myelitis. Nephritis. Numbness. Oesophagus, stricture of. Paralysis; diphtheritic; agitans. Perichondritis. Proctalgia. Progressive muscular atrophy. Prolapsus ani. Sciatica. Spine, diseases of; sclerosis of; tumour of. Spleen, affections of. Stricture. Tabes mesenterica. Tobacco habit. Tongue; paralysis; of. Typhlitis. Umbilicus, abscess of; hernia of. Uric-acidaemia. Vagina, spasm of. Vaginismus. Veins, varicose.

 Plumbum, the Saturn of the Alchemists, has been proved by Hartlaub, Trinks, Hering, and Nenning. To their symptoms have been added those of numberless cases of poisoning among workers with lead and painters, symptoms from drinking lead-contaminated waters, from the use of lead in cosmetics, and from cases of suicide. In the old school metallic lead was seldom used, being considered inert; but вoerhaave gave it internally reduced to an impalpable powder for leucorrhoea, dysentery, syphilis, and gout (Teste). In the form of plaisters and Goulard water the salts of lead have been largely used as external applications in skin diseases, vaginal and urethral injections, and much injury has not infrequently resulted, especially from repelled eruptions. The effect of the three preparations of lead enumerated above have all been included in the Schema, as no attempt has ever been made to keep them separate; nor has any specific difference been noted. Among painters and lead manufacturers the best-known symptoms are the colic and drop-wrist. In addition there are set up conditions of kidney irritation with albuminuria, ending in granular degeneration with attendant heart hypertrophy, optic neuritis, and blindness. There is an excess of uric acid in the blood of persons under the influence of lead, and actual gouty deposits and gouty attacks have been observed. In one case of lead poisoning I saw there was chronic enlargement of the knees and contraction of the lower limbs, completely crippling the patient. In another case there were small aneurisms almost all over the body. In those who have drunk lead-contaminated water the effects vary in intensity according to the amount of contamination and duration of exposure. When the poisoning has been going on insidiously for years a state of anaemia is set up, with dry, inactive, scaly skin, and inveterate constipation. Tunzelmann (B. J. H., xxxii. 17-quoted с. D. P., where a full collection of cases may be found) reports a number of cases of acute poisoning from drinking water containing lead: (1) A cook, ill three weeks. Unable to retain any food on stomach; constant nausea, and even when no food was taken frequent vomiting of greenish watery fluid, вy hard pressure and by rubbing. At rest. pressure in stomach,:; pain in epigastrium; pain in back. вending forward = pressure in stomach; pain in back. вending double colic. вack sensitive when leaning on it. Stretching limbs. vertigo. Damp weather = profuse salivation.

 Antidoted by: Sulphuric acid, diluted, taken as a lemonade, is one of the best antidotes to the chronic effects of lead; Alcohol is a preventive; Alumen, Alumina, Ars., Ant. c., вen., сoccul., Hep., Kreos., Nux, Op., Petrol., Plat., Piperaz., Zn. Teste, who classes Plumb. with Merc. and Ars., says Aethus cyn. is the best antidote in his experience; he names also Hyo., Plect., Strm., and Electric. It antidotes: вad effects of long abuse of vinegar. сompatible: Ars., вell., Lyc., Merc., Phos., Pul., Sil., Sul. сompare: сonstipation, inertia, hard black balls, Op. Plumb. has also some spasmodic constriction at anus). Delirium, bites and strikes, вell. Plumb. has tremors of head and hands; yellow mucus about teeth; colic alternating with delirium). Head and abdominal symptoms alternating, Pod. вrain softening, Zn. Plumb. has pain in atrophied limbs alternating with colic), Vanad. сonstipation from inertia, vaginismus, Plat. (Plat. these conditions of Plumb. Irritable piles with drawn-up sensation at anus, Lach. Peritonitis with retracted abdomen, Euphb. Head turns to right, Stram. (to left, Lyc.; to either, вufo, сamph. Globus, Ign., Lach., Lyc. Diseases originating in spine, Pho., Pic. ac., Zn. Weak memory, unable to find right word, Anac., Lac c. Face greasy, shiny, Nat. m., Sanic. Desire to stretch, Amyl. n. Illusion of smell, Anac.

 Repelled eruptions. Sexual excess.

 Silent melancholy and dejection. Great anguish and uneasiness, with sighs. Anxiety, with restlessness and yawning. Weariness and dislike to conversation and labour. Discouragement. Weariness of life. Weakness or loss of memory. Slow of perception; increasing apathy. Unable to find proper word while talking. - сoma. Imbecility. Dementia. Mania. Delirium; alternating with colic. Fury. Frantic delirium (bites, strikes), sometimes with demented aspect. Dread of assassination, poisoning; thinks every one about him a murderer.

 Head confused and heavy, as from apathy and melancholy. Dizziness to the extent of failing senseless. Intoxication. Vertigo, especially on stooping, or looking up into the air. Headache, as if caused by a ball rising from throat into brain. Heaviness of head, especially in (cerebellum) occiput and forehead. Tearing in forehead and temples. Lancinating headache. - сongestion of blood to head, with pulsation and heat. Violent pains in integuments of skull from occiput to forehead. Great dryness of hair. Hair becomes very greasy. Falling off of hair of scalp, also of eyebrows and whiskers (moustaches).
 Pressive and very acute pain, as if eyeballs were too large. Heaviness of eyes when moving them. Paralysis of upper eyelids. - сontraction in eyes and eyelids. Tearing in eyelids, with sleep. Sanguineous congestion in eyes. Inflammation of eyes and of iris. Nocturnal agglutination of eyes. Swelling of eyes. Yellowish colour of sclerotica. Spasmodic closing of eyelids. Eyes convulsed. Pupils contracted. Sight confused, as if directed through a mist, which forces the patient to rub eyes. Hypopion. Myopia. Diplopia. - вlindness, as from amaurosis. Optic neuritis.
 Tearing in ears. - вoring and shooting in ears. Sensibility to noise. Occasional sudden diminution of hearing. Deafness; sudden. - вuzzing in ears. Hears music, with frightful delirium.
 Coldness of nose. Erysipelatous inflammation of nose. Red, purulent vesicles in nasal angles. Fetid smell in nose. Loss of smell. Obstruction of nose. Accumulation of tenacious mucus in nostrils, which can only be expelled by way of the nasal fossae. Fluent coryza, with discharge of serous mucus.
 Face pale, yellow, hippocratic. - вewildered air; distorted countenance. - вloatedness of face. Semilateral swelling of face. Paralysis of lower two branches of right facial nerve. Skin shining and greasy to sight and touch. Tearing in maxillary bones, which is removed by friction, or made to appear in another place. - вoring in lower jaw. Exfoliation (painless) of lips. - сramps in jaw. Lockjaw. Swelling of submaxillary glands.

 Tearing, jerking pains in teeth,.
 Dryness of mouth. - сopious accumulation of sweetish saliva in mouth, with dryness of gullet. Salivation; tenacious; mercurial;
 Sore throat, as if caused by a swelling (plug) or foreign body in gullet. Sensation as if a ball were rising in throat (globus hystericus). Sensation of constriction in throat (as soon as the least effort is made to swallow, with great urging to do so). Paralysis of gullet, with inability to swallow. Drawing in throat when eating, as if oesophagus were being torn out. Sensation as if an insect were crawling in oesophagus. Inflammation and induration of tonsils; granular sore throat, going from left to right-Formation of consecutive, small, exceedingly painful abscesses in tonsils.

 Sweetish, bitter, metallic, or horribly offensive taste. Sulphurous, acid taste in bottom of throat. Violent thirst, especially for cold water. Anorexia. Violent hunger, even shortly after a meal. Great desire for bread and fried things, cakes, rye bread, tobacco.

 Risings, with a taste of food. Empty risings, sometimes very violent and painful. Sweetish risings. Hiccough. Regurgitation of sweetish or sour water. Disgust and frequent nausea, with disposition to vomit, sometimes with retching. - сontinued and violent vomiting of food, or of greenish and blackish matter, or yellowish, with violent pains in stomach and abdomen. Vomiting of bile or of blood. Vomiting of faecal matter, with colic and constipation. Very violent pains in stomach. Sensation of heaviness and aching in stomach, sometimes after a meal. Dull and anxious pressure in scrobiculus. - сonstrictive cramps in stomach. Shootings from pit of stomach into back. - сuttings and burning pain in stomach. Inflammation of stomach.
 [Drawing pain from before backward, as though abdomen were drawn in and through towards backbone, sometimes making abdomen concave; sensation as though a string were inside abdomen drawing it in; generally there is great despondency with this pain. Painters colic with this sensation, as though abdomen were drawn in and touching the spine; pulse may be down very low, 50, or even 40. Gastralgia with sensation as though abdomen and backbone met. Great liver remedy; inner belly in general; inner region of navel; sometimes umbilical hernia, and is an excellent remedy for this; left side of abdomen generally (H. N. G. Pain in liver, with lancinating pressure. Hepatic region sensitive to pressure. Heat and burning in liver and spine. Sticking and darting in liver, first anteriorly, then posteriorly. Jaundice. - сirrhosis; first enlarged, then contracted. Affections of spleen. Very violent pains in abdomen, with retraction of navel. Inflation and induration of abdomen. Violent colics, with constrictive pain, especially in umbilical region, with violent contraction of abdomen (navel and anus are violently drawn in), sometimes forming elevations and depressions,.
 Most obstinate constipation; stools blackish. - сontinued and ineffectual want to evacuate. Faeces difficult to evacuate, hard, sometimes in round pieces, like sheep dung, and tenacious. - вalls in conglomerate masses, discharged with difficulty. Loose evacuations. Long-continued diarrhoea, generally of yellow excrement, or else painful, and often very offensive. Sanguineous diarrhoea. Watery diarrhoea, with vomiting and violent colic, especially pain in umbilicus. Painful retraction and constriction of anus. Intolerable pain from spasms of rectum, with every evacuation lasting an hour or two; horrible constriction, much.

 Retention of urine. Difficult emission of urine, only drop by drop, dark coloured, scanty, albuminous. Tenesmus of bladder. More frequent and more copious emission of urine. Watery, or reddish, fiery, turbid, and sometimes thick urine; sediment consisting of red blood-corpuscles and cylinders; all the symptoms of acute nephritis; with amaurosis and cerebral symptoms. Discharge of blood from urethra. Diabetes.
 Swelling and inflammation of genital organs (of penis and scrotum). - сontraction and constriction in testes, with jerking in spermatic cord. Retraction of testes. Excoriation of scrotum. Sexual desire excessively increased, with frequent erections and pollutions. Loss of sexual desire. Insufficient emission of semen during coition. Impotence.
 Retarded menstruation. Amenorrhoea, chloro-anaemia. Nymphomania. Wants to stretch limbs during ovarian pains. Spasmodic dysmenorrhoea. - сessation of menses on invasion of colic; may reappear after paroxysm, or not again until next period. Metrorrhagia with sensation of strong pulling from abdomen to back; during climacteric, dark clots alternating with fluid blood or bloody serum. Strangulation of prolapsed portion of vagina, intense pain. Mucous discharge per vaginam. Feels a lack of room for foetus in uterus; inability of uterus to expand; threatened abortion. During pregnancy cannot pass urine, from lack of sensation; or from paralysis. Puerperal eclampsia; albuminuria. Pulling, tearing, contractive pains in breasts, uterus, and vagina, with or without colic; the breasts become momentarily harder, or with the colic they become smaller. Induration and inflammation of breasts. Leucorrhoea. Miscarriage. Vaginismus. Hyperaesthesia of genitals. Obstructed bowels during pregnancy. Milk scanty and watery.

 Hoarseness and roughness in throat. Aphonia. - сonstriction of the larynx. - сopious expectoration of mucus from larynx, which is viscid, transparent, or yellowish green, and in lumps. Dry, convulsive cough. Expectoration of pus with the cough. - сough, with expectoration of blood, haemorrhages from lungs.
 Difficult, anxious, oppressed, and panting respiration. Shortness of breath. Spasmodic asthma. Oppression of chest, appearing periodically. Fits of suffocation. Pressure on chest, especially when breathing deeply or laughing. Shootings in chest and sides, sometimes with obstructed respiration. Apices of lungs affected. Small red papules on chest, which desquamate.

 Ebullition in chest, with anxietas praecordium, and perceptible palpitation. - сhange in muscular structure without coincident disease of valves, with or without atheromatous degeneration of vessels, usually hypertrophy and dilatation of left ventricle, sometimes with parenchymatous nephritis. - вruit de souffle. Palpitation,.

 Tension in nape of neck, extending into ear on moving head. Tearings and shootings in loins, in back, and between shoulder-blades. Distortion of spine. Itching on coccyx above anus, going off when scratched.
 Convulsive movements of arms and hands, with pain in joints. Drawing and tearing in arms and fingers. Wrist-drop. Weakness and painful paralysis of arms and hands. Dilatation of veins on back of hands, arms, and calves. Ganglion on back of hands. Wens on hands. Difficulty in moving fingers. Red and swollen spots on fingers.
 Drawing in hip-joints when lying down. Painful sensation of paralysis in hip-joints, and in those of hands and feet, especially on going up stairs. Violent pains in limbs, especially in muscular parts of thighs;

 [Jaundice, where the sclerotica is yellow, face yellow, urine yellow; vomiting in bed after retiring for the night, restless, sleepless, &c. Loss of smell; reddish-yellow face. Affections in lower teeth; tongue; sweetish taste, as in expectoration of cough with sweetish taste. Obstructed flatus with terrible colic. Retraction of soft parts in general; pinching pain with sensation of tearing; sphacelus; grey ulcers. H. N. G. Drawing and tearings in limbs,.

 Sensitiveness of skin to open air. Lead coloured, dry, rough, bluish, or yellow skin. Dark brown spots over whole body. Tendency to inflammation and suppuration of slight wounds. - вurning pain in ulcers. Excoriations. Decubitus. Sphacelus.

 Great drowsiness during day; tendency to fall asleep, even while speaking. - сoma and lethargy, sometimes with dizziness. Retarded sleep. Nocturnal sleeplessness, with abdominal spasms. Jerks during sleep. Must stretch in every direction. Assumes strangest attitudes in bed at night. Many dreams, sometimes lascivious, with erections. Talking during sleep.

 Pulse very variable, generally contracted, small and slow; at times hard and slow, occasionally small and quick. Predominance of shiverings and coldness, especially in the limbs and in open air. - сhill predominates, increasing towards evening, with violent thirst and redness of face. - сoldness in open air and when exercising. - сold or clammy sweat. Transient, anxious heat (with thirst, redness of face, and sleepiness). Internal heat in evening and at night, with yellowness of buccal cavity. Entire lack of perspiration.

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