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Piper methysticum

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  1. Description
  2. Nosology
  3. Typical features
  4. Dif. diagnostics
  5. Mental
  6. Head, face, and ears
  7. Mouth and throat
  8. Appetite and food preferences
  9. Gastrointestinal tract
  10. Urogenital system
  11. Chest organs
  12. Cardiovascular system
  13. Limbs and spine
  14. Common symptoms
  15. Skin
  16. Sleep
  17. Fever
  18. Analogs by action
  19. Manufacturers of the drug

Description Source

Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica - J.H. Clarke

Description

 Macropiper methysticum. Ava. Kava-kava. Kawa. N. O. Piperaceae. Tincture of fresh root.

Nosology

 Albuminuria. Anus, prolapse of. вrachialgia. вrain-fag. сatalepsy. сystitis. Dysuria. Eczema. Gonorrhoea. Headache. Head, enlarged feeling. Ichthyosis. Leprosy. Neuralgia. Neurasthenia. Orchitis. Paraplegia. Prostatorrhoea. Rheumatism. Toothache. Urethritis. Uric acid, excess of.

Typical features

 Piper methysticum (it is called Macropiper methysticum in most recent botanical works, but I retain the older name by which it is best known in homoeopathy) furnishes the root called Kava in Polynesia. The natives use it as a stimulant, either chewing the root or drinking a beverage made of it before undertaking any important business or religious rites. Excessive indulgence in it produces a skin disease like leprosy, called at Tahiti Arevareva. Lutz (quoted H. W., xxviii. 175) describes the disease as observed amongst natives of the Sandwich Islands: The skin, particularly that of the extremities, assumes the appearance of well-marked ichthyosis, associated with a certain degree of atrophy, such as is observed in senile skin. There is an absence of inflammatory symptoms. The mental symptoms of the Intoxicating Pepper (µέθνσις, drunkenness) are the most interesting feature of the drug s action. W. N. Griswold proved the third and second dilutions, and developed a large number of nervous, mental, and brain symptoms, among which are some which have proved to be keynotes. The drug causes a feeling of buoyancy, as if every nerve was strung up to the highest pitch; feels he can work without fatigue, quickly followed by a feeling of tired brain, and over-sensitiveness to all external impressions. Mental tension; feeling as though the head were enlarged even to bursting. The mental symptoms, excitement or depression, and the headache, were by diversion of mind. This is one of the keynotes, and it has served to indicate Piper m. in connection with other symptoms. Griswold cured a case having burning in chest, by diverting mind (Org., i. 229); and three cases having: Agonising pain, with tossing, twisting, and writhing; patient driven irresistibly to change position, which generally gives little or no . This italicised passage is the second keynote of Piper m. These cures were with the 1x or Ø tinctures. Skinner gave fractional doses of Ø tincture in water to a highly excitable young girl who had severe toothache and earache, and had worn out her family by the incessant day and night attendance she required. The pains were dragging, heavy, if attention is diverted by anything sufficiently exciting. When pain is at all violent she has no rest in any position, must keep continually changing it. Piper m. 500 (F. с.) was given, and there was relief very soon after the first dose. A few doses completely removed the pain (Org., i. 299). Piper m. has much dizziness and vertigo; on closing eyes. The forehead was full, solid with pain; this shifted to occiput and cervical spine, where it became a compression, extending as a constricting sensation to stomach and chest. The sensation of enlargement of head was marked and persistent. Farrington says convulsions simulating catalepsy are produced. сerna (quoted H. W., xxvi. 556) as a result of his investigations found Piper m. a general and local anaesthetic. It diminishes reflex action by its action on the cord, and kills by paralysing respiration. сerna illustrated its relationship to сubeba by citing cases of gonorrhoea, acute and chronic cystitis, gleet, prostatorrhoea, vaginitis, cured with it. The provings give the indications. The symptoms were Moving; diverting mind; open air; closing eyes (vertigo).

Dif. diagnostics

 Antidoted by: Puls. and Rhus (partially). сompare: сubeba, Piper nig., Matico (botan. In by diverting mind, Ox. ac. вy motion, Rhus. Feeling of buoyancy, сoff. (but with сoff. the reverse condition of brain-fag does not quickly follow). Neurasthenia, Pic. ac., Arg. n., Avena. Unbearable pains, сoff., Aco., сham.

Mental

 Hilarious from 10 p.m till 1 - Lively after an emission. Lively and inclined to work, can dance with more ease than usual. Agreeable excitement and support against great fatigue. From increased doses intoxication of a sorrowful, silent, and sleepy character, different from that produced by alcohol. Faculties sharpened. Capable of working more without fatigue or brain-fag. Lazy and drowsy. Deep torpor and irritation from least noise (intoxication from root grown in damp soils). Want of vigour, timid, apprehensive.

Head, face, and ears

 From 5 to 9 very dizzy; swimming sensation and faintness. Intoxication, with fantastic ideas and desire to skip about, although he cannot for a moment hold himself on his legs. Vertigo in morning in bed, with frontal pressure. - вrain tired; in morning on waking, getting on feet. Tired feeling in brain at night. Fulness, sometimes in one part, sometimes in another, open air and motion; above right eye radiating over eyes, at 10 p.m; heavy in forehead and temples, by slight motion, ; sustained effort moving, apprehension of pain by rapid movement, but temporary relief from it.
 Conjunctivae red. Pain along right optic nerve when reading at 3 - Pain deep in left eye as if ball would be pressed out, in the street at 5.30 - Dizzy blindness when dressing, vertigo, closing eyes, directing attention to head and exerting the will, at the same time vertigo, then rush of blood and fulness in forehead, then similar sensation in occipital and basilar regions.
 Singular pressure in lobules of pinna of left ear.
 Pressure outward in face at 7.

Mouth and throat

 Teeth deep yellow. Teeth sensitive to cold water, cold air, brushing, &c.
 Tongue feels as if covered with velvet or fur at night. - вurning on tongue. - вurning in whole mouth followed by numbness. Dryness of mouth on waking from afternoon nap, with sweat (in a hot day). Salivation. Taste: nauseous; sweet, then piquant and sharp; pappy; everything tasteless; lost to food, but ravenous haste in eating. Taste and relish to food not as usual, at noon, but appetite unusually good.

Appetite and food preferences

 Appetite: formidable at 8 ; slight; hungry at noon, but not able to eat much; able to eat but little supper.

Gastrointestinal tract

 Sour eructations, by eructations. - вloating at 11 - сonstriction extending from base of brain. - сrampy pain, pressure against edge of table. Warmth in stomach.
 Pain: every day about 9 p.m; in forenoon after first stool, with distressing full sensation; motion. Pain in abdomen, above umbilicus; in right groin when walking, then a large stool, the latter part soft.
 Diarrhoea threatened. Stool: loose in morning, more difficult in evening; soft, difficult. - сonstipation: stool hard; large; light-coloured. Stool large; soft. Urging: all day; every evening. - сontinuous desire, next day forced a large stool, which caused prolapsus ani. - вurning in rectum.

Urogenital system

 Micturition at 4.45 p.m - вurning in urethra during micturition. Urine nearly neutral at 10 p.m, hot and over-acid at night. Urine: increased; scanty in morning.
 Shooting in penis. Erection: in afternoon; at night; at 4 p.m after an emission. Pain in right testicle. Emission early in morning, without dreams. Amorousness.

Chest organs

 Heaviness behind upper part of sternum, as from wind that cannot be eructated. - сonstriction of chest and stomach, extending from base of brain.

Cardiovascular system

 Pulse steadied.

Limbs and spine

 Pain in back only felt on pressure. Soreness about second dorsal vertebra.
 Pain: in right foot and wrist and left toe at 10. ; right elbow and left knee, with stiffness; right foot and back of left hand at 11.30 , with heat of them. Pain in right arm as if marrow would be affected, changing its location, with paroxysmal paralysed feeling in hands, in toe at 9.
 Pain: in left shoulder; in left arm in the street, with flushing heat in left hand. Excoriating pain in right arm, as if the marrow would be affected; paralysed feeling in hands. Pain in right arm, running in all directions, with heaviness, soreness, and tired sensation. Dragging in left arm at 8 , 10 - Tingling as from an electric current from left elbow to fingers. Numbness of right elbow. Pain in right wrist,.
 Drunk in his walk, but intellect unclouded, aware of his inability to control the movements of his legs. Numbness of lower limbs. Weakness; all day; in afternoon; in thighs as if unable to stand. Sticking in left knee at 4 when walking. Heaviness of legs when walking. Pain: in feet; left foot and toe; right sole; at outer and under border of left foot and in right great toe, with coldness of left foot. Sticking: in end of left toe on waking at 4.45 p.m, in great toe when moving and walking.

Common symptoms

 Emaciation and decrepitude. Trembling. Pains (esp. of head) temporarily by turning mind to another topic. Feeling as if drug descended and impressed lower part of system, causing trembling of abdomen and lower limbs and blood-vessels connected therewith, but on descending stairs the drug seemed to come upward through the circulation, reaching the brain, causing exhilarating dizziness and disposition to swing and stagger, as if under the influence of liquor, felt talkative and happy, after the dizziness felt a toned-up condition of brain and nervous system, dizziness returned on beginning to move. Nervous system strung up to its highest tension. Stimulating and sedative effects, then sweat. Vigour; all day, with exhilaration, next day feelings varying and generally depressed. Uneasiness and weakness during day, with timidity and apprehension. Weakness in morning, rising and moving around. Want of tone and life in all functions towards night.

Skin

 Covered as in leprosy with large scales, which fall off and leave white spots, and these often become ulcers. Dryness, especially where it is thick, as on hands and feet, with scales, cracks, and ulcers. Painful hard swelling in lower corner of left ear; red, painful lump, threatening to become an abscess, on forehead above right inner canthus and on back.

Sleep

 Sleepiness: at 10 , soon afterwards liveliness and wakefulness; irresistible. Hard sleep several times a day. Stupid sleep. Heavy sleep with disturbing but unremembered dreams. Sleepless; from 12 till 2.30 p.m; at 4 p.m, after an emission, then sound sleep, next night wakeful after an emission till I got up for breakfast; latter part of night, mind working on business problems, next morning tired feeling before and after rising. Difficult falling asleep. Restless sleep last part of night. Fragmentary sleep last part of night. Fragmentary sleep from 12.30 till 4.20 p.m, with varied and exciting dreams, then sleeplessness so that I had to get up at 4.30 p.m, did excitedly all kinds of unusual office work. Dreams: curious, nonsensical, wild; amorous; of travelling by rail; active, vivid, last part of night, alternating with half-conscious waking; in afternoon, of fighting unknown men, left them to follow an unknown woman, and when she left me found that she had conducted me to a prayer-meeting, which must have changed to a restaurant, for I ordered a Hamburg beef steak, but woke before it was served; of a fire, heard the engines and firemen.

Fever

 Chilliness for the last few hours, at 8 - Heat: at 9 p.m; flush of general heat; in face and hands,.

Analogs by action

Manufacturers (or distributors) of the drug

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