Other names and synonyms
morph.Description Source
Dictionary of Practical Materia Medica - J.H. ClarkePharmacological Group
Description
MORPHINUM. Morphia. An alkaloid of Opium. с17H19HO3. Trituration. Solution.
MORPHINUM ACETICUM. Acetate of Morphia. с17H19NO3C2H4O2. Trituration. Solution.
MORPHINUM MURIATICUM. Hydrochlorate of Morphia. с17H19NO3HCL. Trituration. Solution.
MORPHINUM SULPHURICUM. Sulphate of Morphia. с17H19NO3H2SO4. Trituration. Solution.
MORPHINUM ACETICUM. Acetate of Morphia. с17H19NO3C2H4O2. Trituration. Solution.
MORPHINUM MURIATICUM. Hydrochlorate of Morphia. с17H19NO3HCL. Trituration. Solution.
MORPHINUM SULPHURICUM. Sulphate of Morphia. с17H19NO3H2SO4. Trituration. Solution.
Nosology
Chorea. сonstipation. сonvulsions. Eyes, affections of. Headache. Irritation. Jaws, clenched. Lightning-stroke. Neuralgia. Palpitation. Sleep, disordered. Strabismus, divergent. Trismus. Tympany. Vertigo. Vision, illusions of.
Typical features
Morphia is the alkaloid of Opium, which contains the most characteristic properties of the drug. The alkaloid itself, the Acetate, the Muriate, and the Sulphate have all been used as pain-deadeners and sleep producers, but I do not find it practicable to attempt to distinguish between them, since the particular salt given has not always been mentioned. Alkaloids do not act in the same way as ordinary bases in their union with acids; the alkaloid does not displace any of the molecules of the acid; a molecule of acid is simply added to a molecule of alkaloid and not integrated with it. The distinction therefore between salts of alkaloids is less than between salts of metals, &c. I have included effects of all in the Schema; it is probable that the symptoms of any one of them will be sufficient to indicate any other. Rufus L. Thurston (H. P., xv. 563) records a short but very important proving of Morphinum on a patient who took a grain for sleeplessness. Among the symptoms was this, which he italicised: Vertigo from the least movement of the head. Not long after, Skinner (H. P., xvi. 123) had a case of vertigo with tendency to fall forward and with this symptom: Becomes unconscious and all becomes dark, on moving about). вy coffee. Morph. cured nervous spasms brought on by lightning-stroke, the spasms being by cold; was compelled to go to a cool place Peculiar sensations are: Tensive sensations in head as if skull too small for the brain. As if brain wound up. Something shot to head like lightning the instant the injection took place. Sight as if obscured by a fog. Tickling of nose and tip of nose. Tongue as if thick. Teeth as if clenched. Indescribable sensation behind lower half of sternum. As if worms in legs.
Dif. diagnostics
Antidote to: Electricity (Morph. acet., see ELECTRICITAS). Antidoted by: Avena, Atrop., вell., Strong сoffee; Aco. and Ipec. especially useful for secondary effects. Keaney (H. P., xv. 195) cured with one dose of Sul. c.m. (Swan) a man who had taken two grains of morphine daily for fifteen years. Inimical: Vinegar (it increases the painful symptoms, vertigo, &c.). сompare: Op., сodein., Apomorph. In excessive sensibility, Aco., сham. Weeps in telling symptoms, Puls. Vertigo on least movement of head, Mosch. Mosch. has also vertigo from movement of eyelids).
Reasons
Electric shock. Lightning-stroke. Thunderstorms.
Mental
Excitement. - сould not describe her symptoms for tears and sobs. Emotions very easily excited. Sad; melancholy; mute despair. Great anxiety; thought she was going to die. Anxious, restless, ran about the room. Delirium like delirium tremens. Illusions with hypochondriacal mood; sees brilliantly coloured birds; hears voices; have a sensation of sitting in wet; perceive various odours; thinks he will die; thinks he sees his own burial; that persons about him are growing larger. Terror, cried out in great alarm. Ill-humour. Irritable, wants to be alone. Flow of ideas rapid and pleasant; but without control of the will; like the condition of dreaming. Incapable of thinking or fixing mind. Stupefaction; coma.
Head, face, and ears
After a nap head dull and confused as from disordered stomach,.
Eyes: staring; glistening; sparkling; injected; fixed; sunken; lustreless; feel too small for sockets. Look becomes unsteady. Ptosis. Paresis of internal recti; diverging strabismus. Eyeballs protrude. Nystagmus. Pupils: dilated; contracted to a minimum; unequally contracted. Sight: dim, blurred; obscured by fogs; double with disturbed accommodation and frequently lachrymation. Delusion of vision on closing eyes, sees a man standing at foot of bed; the room seems full of white and coloured babies.
Severe pain in left ear with pain at side of left eye all day. Ringing; surring; roaring; tinnitus.
Sneezing; in paroxysms; coryza. Tickling in nose, oesophagus and larynx as before a sneeze. Intense itching, tingling, numb feeling on end of nose, rubs it constantly.
Heavy; confused; wild; haggard expression. Face: intensely flushed; puffed; livid; cyanotic. Trismus, teeth clenched.
Eyes: staring; glistening; sparkling; injected; fixed; sunken; lustreless; feel too small for sockets. Look becomes unsteady. Ptosis. Paresis of internal recti; diverging strabismus. Eyeballs protrude. Nystagmus. Pupils: dilated; contracted to a minimum; unequally contracted. Sight: dim, blurred; obscured by fogs; double with disturbed accommodation and frequently lachrymation. Delusion of vision on closing eyes, sees a man standing at foot of bed; the room seems full of white and coloured babies.
Severe pain in left ear with pain at side of left eye all day. Ringing; surring; roaring; tinnitus.
Sneezing; in paroxysms; coryza. Tickling in nose, oesophagus and larynx as before a sneeze. Intense itching, tingling, numb feeling on end of nose, rubs it constantly.
Heavy; confused; wild; haggard expression. Face: intensely flushed; puffed; livid; cyanotic. Trismus, teeth clenched.
Mouth and throat
Tongue: dry, brown; red; tip, margins, palate scarlet, tongue violet in middle; at times trembles on putting it out. Mouth: very dry; dry with thirst, nausea, vomiting, aversion to meat; pastry; bitter, sticky. Discharge of watery saliva from mouth. Made a strange noise with his mouth. Speech: hasty; stammering; embarrassed and feeble.
Dryness and constriction in throat. - вurning back of fauces. Paralysis of pharynx, swallowing almost impossible. Jugular veins swollen, carotid arteries pulsating.
Dryness and constriction in throat. - вurning back of fauces. Paralysis of pharynx, swallowing almost impossible. Jugular veins swollen, carotid arteries pulsating.
Gastrointestinal tract
Loss of appetite. Great thirst; burning. Eructations: violent; with much acid mucus. Nausea, faintness, constant retchings, with alternate flushes of heat and cold. Nausea with drowsiness. Vomiting: green matter; sour, bright green fluid; bitter, greenish water. Pain in stomach.
Pain in umbilical region. Distension. Acute pain in abdomen, and along spinal column, on every inspiration. - сolic turning on back in morning.
Diarrhoea (the acetate generally produced diarrhoea); watery; with horrid tenesmus, straining and burning in rectum, almost causing frenzy. - сonstipation for a long time. Stool retained. Indolent evacuation of a little faeces with painful urging.
Pain in umbilical region. Distension. Acute pain in abdomen, and along spinal column, on every inspiration. - сolic turning on back in morning.
Diarrhoea (the acetate generally produced diarrhoea); watery; with horrid tenesmus, straining and burning in rectum, almost causing frenzy. - сonstipation for a long time. Stool retained. Indolent evacuation of a little faeces with painful urging.
Urogenital system
Paresis of bladder. Suppression of stool and urine. Ineffectual efforts. Strangury. Urine: turbid and slimy; diabetic. Albuminuria.
Impotency. The sexual excitement, voluptuous sensations and erections are incomplete or do not occur. Pain in genital and urinary organs, especially right spermatic cord. Diminished desire.
Amenorrhoea. Menses too profuse; and too early. Sterility. Sexual desire at first increased, afterwards abrogated.
Impotency. The sexual excitement, voluptuous sensations and erections are incomplete or do not occur. Pain in genital and urinary organs, especially right spermatic cord. Diminished desire.
Amenorrhoea. Menses too profuse; and too early. Sterility. Sexual desire at first increased, afterwards abrogated.
Chest organs
Hoarseness. - вreathing: stertorous; difficult; slow; thoracic breathing entirely suspended. Struggling for breath.
Chest tight, breathing difficult, asked to be raised, saying she felt as if she were dying. Pain in middle of sternum. Ill with an indescribable sensation, worse than any pain, behind lower half of sternum.
Chest tight, breathing difficult, asked to be raised, saying she felt as if she were dying. Pain in middle of sternum. Ill with an indescribable sensation, worse than any pain, behind lower half of sternum.
Cardiovascular system
Palpitation. Violent throbbing in heart and carotids. - сongestions of head, palpitations of heart; starts in fright if approached; touch = cramp and twitchings. Pulse small, weak; dicrotic.
Limbs and spine
Stiff-neck. Great pain in back. Pain extending along spine. Pain and twitchings all down spine. Weakness of the loins.
Tremors; twitchings; contractions; stiffness of limbs. Violent pain in joints.
Stiffness and pain in arms after sleep. Twitchings, tremblings. Fingers numb and both thumbs firmly drawn into palms.
Gait insecure; tottering, staggering. Legs swollen. - сramps in several muscles. Wandering, sharp pains in legs and feet; numbness of legs and feet with falling on attempting to stand. Her legs were twitched up and she begged that they might be held, as she could not keep them quiet; it felt as if there were worms in them. Icy coldness of left sole as if standing on oil-cloth.
Tremors; twitchings; contractions; stiffness of limbs. Violent pain in joints.
Stiffness and pain in arms after sleep. Twitchings, tremblings. Fingers numb and both thumbs firmly drawn into palms.
Gait insecure; tottering, staggering. Legs swollen. - сramps in several muscles. Wandering, sharp pains in legs and feet; numbness of legs and feet with falling on attempting to stand. Her legs were twitched up and she begged that they might be held, as she could not keep them quiet; it felt as if there were worms in them. Icy coldness of left sole as if standing on oil-cloth.
Common symptoms
Sudden attacks of fainting. Numb feeling all over. Restlessness. - сonvulsions.
Skin
Skin deathly pale. Purple spots on body. Skin lost its elasticity. Eruption like zoster, but without pain. Itching: constant; violent; all over; nose, neck, loins, inside thighs.
Sleep
Yawning. Heaviness; drowsiness. Prolonged deep sleep. Half waking, half stupid condition, with perfect ability to think of different things though at the same time busy with confused fantasies; during this slumber limbs stiff and immovable, could only be moved by very great exertion of the will. Heavy sleep with red cheeks. Sleepless. Restless sleep with frequent startings. Sleep restless with headache, fever, and itching of skin. Dreams: pleasant; frightful.
Fever
Chills and rigors. Icy coldness; general; of extremities; of left sole. Heat: burning; itching; cheeks hot and flushed. Sweat: profuse; cold, clammy; viscid; colliquative.